What is Cement?

 


CEMENT

Cement or cementitious material generally refers to a material with adhesive and cohesive properties which make it capable of bonding minerals fragments into a compact whole.

The term "cement" in construction is restricted to the bonding materials used with stones, sand, bricks, building stones, etc. The principal constituents of this type of cement are compounds of lime, so that in building and civil engineering we are concerned with calcareous cements.

Hydraulic cements have the property of setting and hardening under water by virtue of a chemical reaction with it. These are the cements of interest in the making of concrete. They consist mainly of silicates and aluminates of lime. Broad classification of hydraulic cements; Natural cements, Portland cements, High-alumina cements


'Pozzolanic cements' generally refers to cements obtained simply by grinding of naturals materials at normal temperatures

Pozzolana: a siliceous or siliceous + aluminous material which possesses little or no cementitious value but will, in finely divided form and in the presence of moisture, chemically react with calcium hydroxide at ordinary temperatures to form compounds possessing cementitious properties.

Portland cements ... The name "Portland cement" given originally due to the resemblance of the colour and quality of the hardened cement to Portland stone – Portland Island in England. The definition of Portland cement is a kind of cement obtained by intimately mixing calcareous and argillaceous, or other silica-, alumina-, and iron oxide bearing materials, burning them at a clinkering temperature, and grinding the resulting clinker. Gypsum is added after burning i.e., during grinding the clinker. 




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